Many women write to me perplexed(困惑的)about why they can’t form close friendships

题文

Many women write to me perplexed(困惑的)about why they can’t form close friendships. They try new approaches, put themselves in all the right places, see therapists, and read relevant self-help books. They consider themselves interesting, loyal, kind and friend-worthy people. But for reasons unknown to them, they have a tough time forming intimate relationships. Many admit to not having even one close friend.
A recent study published in the Journal of personality and Social Psychology offers some clues as to how both nature (personality) and nurture (experience) impact our friendships. Researchers at the University of Virginia and University of Toronto, Mississauga studied more than 7,000 American adults between the ages of 20 and 75 over a period of ten years, looking at the number of times these adults moved during childhood. Their study, like prior ones, showed a link between residential mobility and adult well-being: The more times participants moved as children , the poorer the quality of their adult social relationships.
But digging deeper, the researchers found that personality—specifically being introverted (内向的) or extroverted (外向的) — could either intensify of buffer (缓冲) the effect of moving to a new town or neighborhood during childhood. The negative impact of more moves during childhood was far greater for introverts compared to extroverts.
“Moving a lot makes it difficult for people to maintain long-term close relationships,” stated Dr. Shigehiro Oishi, the first author of the study, in a press release from the American Psychological Association, “This might not be a serious problem for outgoing people who can make friends quickly and easily. Less outgoing people have a harder time making new friends.”
Families often have to relocate — across town, across the country, or across the globe. Yet, in many cases, their kids and young adolescents haven’t yet built up a bank of friendships. So the conventional wisdom is to try to minimize moves for the sake of your child, whenever possible , and to move at the end of the academic year.
小题1:The passage is written mainly to        .A．offer advice to women on how to form intimate relationships .B．explain how nature and nurture impact our friendships.C．explain how moves during childhood affect children.D．tell us how to help children make friends.小题2:Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph?A．People who moved less during childhood have better social relationships.B．The more people moved during childhood, the more friends they have.C．The more people moved during childhood, the better they adjust to society.D．There is no link between residential mobility and adult well-being.小题3:In order for children to maintain long-term close relationships , parents         .A．should not relocate their homesB．should relocate their homes within the townC．had better move at the end of school yearD．had better move when their children couldn’t build up a bank of friendships小题4:We learn from the fourth paragraph that moves during childhood         .A．have a bigger impact on an introverted person compared to extroverts.B．have no impact on an outgoing personC．are a big problem for both introverts and extrovertsD．help children better adapt to new environment小题5:We can infer from the passage that          .A．our friendships are mainly affected by our nurtureB．we can move when children have made a lot of friendsC．the impact of moves will disappear when one reaches adulthoodD．there is some way to minimize the impact of moves during childhood on children 题型：未知 难度：其他题型

答案

小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D

解析

文章主要介绍了一项研究解释了性格是如何影响人们之间的交流与友谊。
小题1:B 文章主要介绍了一项研究解释了性格是如何影响人们之间的交流与友谊。故B正确。
小题2:A 推理题。根据第2段最后两行The more times participants moved as children , the poorer the quality of their adult social relationships.可推理出搬家次数少的人更容易获得友谊。
小题3:C 细节题。根据文章最后一行and to move at the end of the academic year.可知C正确。
小题4:A 段落大意题。文章第四段内容可知讲述的是在童年时期搬家对孩子友谊的影响。故A正确。
小题5:D 推理题。根据文章最后一段可知存在着几种方法来减少搬家对孩子的友谊形成的影响。

考点

据考高分专家说，试题“Many women write to .....”主要考查你对 [社会现象类阅读 ]考点的理解。

社会现象类阅读

社会现象类阅读概念：

这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题，显示其社会意义，一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。

社会现象类阅读解题技巧：

这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题，显示其社会意义，一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。阅读这类文章要理清思路。
1、浏览试题，明确要求。
      在阅读文章前，最好先浏览一下文章后面的题干和选项。知道了问题后再去看文章，可使思路更敏捷，而且也便于阅读时留意文中出现的与选项有关的信息。
2、通读全文，抓住主要内容。
      在不影响理解的前提下，尽可能地阅读以便在尽可能短的时间内理解文章或段落的内容。阅读时，如遇到不熟悉的单词、词组或一时看不懂的句子，不要停下来苦思冥想，继续读下去，通过上下文的词语和句子可能就理解了。
3、抓住中心思想和段落大意。
      通读全文时，要特别注意主题句。每篇文章或每个段落都有与文章有关的句子，尤其是科技、政论性文章的主题句一般都在文章的开头或结尾，插在中间的很少。所以，文章的第一段或开头的第一、二个句子往往包含着文章的中心思想、作者的意图或全文的概述，因此要特别注意，彻底理解。
4、有针对性地仔细阅读，找寻所需信息。
      在前面的基础上，可进行有针对性地阅读了。把与问题无关的内容一扫而过，而对于和问题有关的内容认真阅读，还可以用笔在下面做出记号。再把这些信息与问题的要求结合起来，逐条分析，综合判断，找出正确答案。
5、进行合理的推理判断。
      对文章有了全面的了解之后，可以按照文章要求以及上下文之间的关系，做出推理判断。在进行推理判断的时候，需要综合考虑句型、语法、句子之间的逻辑关系、文化背景等方面的因素。
6、认真复读，验证答案。
      要用全文的中心思想统帅各个题目，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，并依次审核那些还未打上的题目，确保理解无误。